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Don’t Break the Chain: The Simple Path to Lasting Habits
/0 Comentarios/en Superacion/por JORGE MONTES DE OCABuilding a new habit can feel like an uphill battle. We crave results, yet we underestimate the quiet power of small, consistent actions. That’s where a simple but brilliant method comes in — “Don’t Break the Chain”, also known as The Seinfeld Strategy.
What Is “Don’t Break the Chain”?
The concept is straightforward: pick one meaningful habit —writing, exercising, learning— and commit to doing it daily. Each day you complete your task, mark an X on your calendar.
Soon, those X’s form a visual chain of progress. And once you see it growing, you won’t want to break it. That visible streak becomes your motivation —a symbol of consistency and discipline.
You’ll find that the magic lies not in intensity, but in continuity.
Where It Comes From
While comedian Jerry Seinfeld has claimed he never officially coined the idea, the story that popularized it comes from software developer Brad Isaac. In the early 1990s, Isaac asked Seinfeld for advice on how to become a better comedian. Seinfeld replied:
“Write every day. And don’t break the chain.”
Isaac later shared this story on Lifehacker (2007), and the concept spread worldwide, becoming a timeless productivity principle.
Why It Works
Human brains love visible progress. Seeing a chain of completed days releases dopamine, reinforcing the behavior and making you want to continue. Your brain starts associating effort with reward, and the chain becomes your motivation.
No fancy apps, no complex systems —just a calendar, a marker, and your daily commitment.
How to Start
Define your goal. Be specific —for example, “read 10 pages a day.”
Get a physical calendar. Keep it somewhere visible.
Mark every completed day. Use a big red X.
Protect your chain. If you miss a day, start again, but don’t quit.
Over time, this simple act shapes identity. You’re no longer “trying” to build a habit —you’ve become someone who keeps promises to themselves.
“You don’t have to be perfect every day. You just have to keep going.”
Big change doesn’t come from giant leaps —it comes from a chain of consistent steps.”
References
Isaac, B. (2007, January 10). Jerry Seinfeld’s Productivity Secret: Don’t Break the Chain. Lifehacker. https://lifehacker.com/281626/jerry-seinfelds-productivity-secret
Seinfeld, J. (1990s). Interview anecdote shared by Brad Isaac. [Referenced in Lifehacker, 2007].
Clear, J. (2018). Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones. Avery.
Don’t Break the Chain

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World Diabetes Day — A Global Call for Awareness and Prevention
/0 Comentarios/en infisegroup, News/por JORGE MONTES DE OCAWorld Diabetes Day: History and Global Impact
World Diabetes Day is observed every year on November 14th, commemorating the birthday of Sir Frederick Banting, who co-discovered insulin in 1921 along with Charles Best. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) established this day in 1991 in response to the growing concern over the global rise of diabetes. It became an official United Nations Day in 2006, emphasizing diabetes as not only a health issue but a social, economic, and developmental challenge (WHO, 2024).
Understanding Diabetes and Its Global Reach
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from defects in insulin production or its utilization. According to the World Health Organization (2024), over 540 million adults worldwide are living with diabetes, and this number is expected to rise to 783 million by 2045 if no effective preventive measures are taken.
Diabetes in Mexico and the United States
In Mexico, diabetes is one of the leading causes of death. The National Institute of Public Health (INSP, 2023) reported that around 14 million adults live with diabetes, representing nearly 14% of the adult population. Moreover, nearly half of them are unaware of their condition, increasing the risk of complications such as kidney failure, vision loss, and cardiovascular disease.
In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2024) estimates that 38.4 million people, or 11.6% of the U.S. population, have diabetes, with an additional 97 million adults in a prediabetic state. The financial impact is also alarming, with $413 billion spent annually on direct medical costs and lost productivity (ADA, 2024).
Raising Awareness and Promoting Prevention
World Diabetes Day serves as a reminder of the importance of early diagnosis, healthy lifestyle choices, and regular screenings. Campaigns around the world encourage physical activity, balanced nutrition, and education about risk factors such as obesity, poor diet, and sedentary behavior.
However, diabetes prevention and management require more than individual effort—it demands public health policies, community support, and financial preparedness.
Financial Planning and Life Insurance: Protecting Health and Future
Chronic diseases like diabetes not only affect physical well-being but also have significant financial consequences. Medical expenses, long-term treatments, and work absences can severely impact family stability. Therefore, life and health insurance are essential tools for protection.
Having an insurance plan ensures access to timely medical attention, coverage for expensive treatments, and financial security for loved ones in case of unforeseen complications. Integrating financial planning with health awareness allows individuals to live with greater peace of mind, focusing on prevention and quality of life instead of fear and uncertainty.
References
American Diabetes Association (ADA). (2024). Statistics about diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.diabetes.org
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2024). National Diabetes Statistics Report. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2024). IDF Diabetes Atlas (11th ed.). Retrieved from https://idf.org
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP). (2023). Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT). Gobierno de México.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2024). Global report on diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.who.int
World Diabetes Day: Protecting Health and Future

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The Power of Assertive Behavior: A Key to Conscious Leadership
/0 Comentarios/en Superacion/por JORGE MONTES DE OCAIn leadership and business, relationships are everything. Yet many professionals still struggle to find the right balance between speaking up and staying respectful. This is where assertiveness becomes a true leadership skill. Assertiveness is the ability to communicate with honesty, confidence, and empathy — creating relationships where there are no winners or losers, only mutual growth and respect.
Stephen Covey (1989), in his well-known model of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, described this as a “win-win” mindset — the idea that genuine success in human relationships only happens when both parties benefit. In that sense, assertiveness is not about dominance or submission; it is about emotional intelligence in action. It starts with deep self-respect — honoring one’s body, identity, and values — and extends naturally into respect for others.
Assertive Behavior
Assertive behavior is the direct expression of one’s feelings, desires, rights, and opinions without threatening, punishing, or violating the rights of others. It represents a balance between honesty and respect — toward oneself and toward others.
An assertive individual communicates clearly, expresses their needs without guilt, and takes responsibility for the impact of their words and actions. They understand that emotional maturity involves both standing firm and listening deeply. In the business world, assertiveness builds credibility, fosters trust, and prevents unnecessary conflict. It allows leaders to make decisions with clarity and integrity while maintaining relationships built on mutual respect.
Passive Behavior
Passive behavior occurs when individuals fail to express their feelings, thoughts, or opinions openly — or when they express them in a self-defeating way, often accompanied by apologies or insecurity. In essence, passive behavior violates one’s own rights.
People who act passively often do so to keep the peace or avoid confrontation at all costs. However, this avoidance typically leads to internal frustration and external misunderstandings. Their needs remain unmet, and their voice fades over time. The result is often resentment, fatigue, or even sudden emotional outbursts after long periods of silence.
In leadership, passivity can be devastating. A passive leader is often perceived as indecisive, lacking conviction, or unwilling to take a stand. Over time, this erodes both authority and trust. Furthermore, colleagues may feel frustrated by having to interpret what the passive individual “really means,” leading to tension and inefficiency within the team.
Aggressive Behavior
Aggressive behavior, on the other hand, represents the opposite extreme. It involves defending one’s rights or expressing one’s thoughts and emotions in a way that infringes upon the rights of others. Aggression can be direct — through insults, threats, or humiliation — or indirect, such as sarcasm, gossip, or manipulative behavior.
Nonverbal aggression can manifest through hostile gestures, intimidating looks, or even physical confrontation. In any form, the goal of aggression is control — to dominate others by making them weaker or less capable of defending their own rights and needs.
While aggressive individuals might experience short-term satisfaction or a sense of power, the long-term consequences are always negative. Aggression destroys trust, breeds resentment, and isolates the aggressor. No sustainable leadership can be built on fear or humiliation. Ethical leadership requires confidence, not coercion.
Assertiveness as the Balance of Emotional Intelligence
In the world of entrepreneurship and leadership, assertiveness stands as the bridge between empathy and strength. It empowers leaders to express their vision clearly, to make firm decisions, and to maintain open, respectful dialogue even in moments of tension.
True assertiveness is not about having control — it’s about having clarity. It’s the courage to speak your truth with kindness and to listen without fear. It’s knowing when to push forward and when to step back, always guided by integrity.
Unfortunately, many people confuse assertiveness with passivity. They believe being assertive means always saying “yes,” avoiding confrontation, or tolerating manipulation for the sake of harmony. But that’s not assertiveness — that’s comfort disguised as prudence. Timid leaders seek comfort; assertive leaders seek growth — even when growth demands discomfort.
Final Reflection
Assertiveness is not a personality trait; it’s a conscious choice — a habit of respect and responsibility. In business and in life, it is the foundation of authentic influence. Leaders who master assertiveness don’t need to raise their voice to be heard; their calm confidence commands attention.
As Covey (1989) might remind us, “Only those who truly respect themselves can create relationships where everyone wins.”
References
Covey, S. R. (1989). The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
Alberti, R. E., & Emmons, M. L. (2017). Your Perfect Right: Assertiveness and Equality in Your Life and Relationships (10th ed.). New Harbinger Publications.
Ellis, A., & Harper, R. A. (1975). A New Guide to Rational Living. Hollywood, CA: Wilshire Book Company
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World Mental Health Day: spotlighting serious mental illness and financing hope
/0 Comentarios/en Superacion/por JORGE MONTES DE OCAEvery October 10, World Mental Health Day reminds us that serious mental illness must be visible, diagnosed early, and supported with coordinated clinical and financial strategies. This is not only compassionate — it’s smart economics. In 2019 about 970 million people worldwide were living with a mental disorder, with anxiety and depression the most common. World Health Organization
Why early detection? Timely diagnosis and care reduce clinical, social and economic burdens. Early intervention programs for psychiatric conditions (for example, first-episode psychosis) have been shown in studies and systematic reviews to be cost-effective: they lower societal costs and produce better clinical outcomes compared to standard care. PubMed+1
The most tragic consequence of unmet mental health needs is suicide. More than 700,000 people die by suicide every year; it’s the third leading cause of death among 15–29-year-olds globally. Early diagnosis and treatment in young people is a key strategy to lower this risk and the large human and financial costs that follow. World Health Organization
In Mexico and the United States the problem is acute: Mexico recorded roughly 8,837 suicides in 2023 (INEGI), and the U.S. saw about 49,000 suicide deaths annually in 2022–2023. These are not just numbers — they are lost lives, family trauma, productivity losses and future care costs. Mexico Business News+1
Practical strategies from a financial coach’s perspective
Early prevention and screening: embed mental-health screening in schools, primary care and workplace programs. The payoff is fewer hospitalizations, better return-to-work rates, and reduced long-term costs. PMC+1
Integrated care packages: combine psychotherapy, medication when needed, social support and community services. For families, this reduces emergency expenses and income disruption.
Appropriate insurance and financial products: encourage insurance coverage for ongoing mental-health care and disability protection so families are not bankrupted by chronic conditions.
Crisis response and hotlines: fund crisis lines and first-responder training and reduce stigma so help is sought early.
Monitor outcomes and evaluate ROI: track indicators (attempt rates, adherence, return-to-work) and measure social and economic returns. Health-economics literature shows favorable returns for early prevention and intervention investments. PMC+1
A direct call to action for families and advisors
If you notice prolonged mood changes, withdrawal, declining school or job performance, or suicidal thoughts — act. Early assessment can save lives, protect family income and reduce lifetime costs. Check professional resources, school programs, community services and your insurance coverage.
Motivational close (personal and family focus)
Mental health is the foundation for personal achievement, family stability and financial resilience. Prioritizing it protects both lives and livelihoods. As your coach and financial advisor: take action today — an assessment, a family conversation, or an insurance review — and turn prevention into protection. Recovery and stability are possible; investing in them is investing in your family’s future.
Bibliografía
World Health Organization. (2023). Mental health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/mental-health. World Health Organization
World Health Organization. (2025). Suicide: fact sheet. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide. World Health Organization
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). Suicide Data and Statistics. https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/facts/data.html. CDC
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) / Reportes sobre suicidios en México (2023). (Resumen en prensa). INMEGEN/CONASAMA expand suicide prevention efforts (nota informativa). Mexico Business News
Sediqzadah, S., et al. (2022). Cost-effectiveness of early intervention in psychosis. PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35193372/. PubMed
Le, L. K.-D., et al. (2021). Cost-effectiveness evidence of mental health prevention and early intervention. BMC Public Health / PMC. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8148329/
World Health Mental Day

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The Key to Communication: Empathy in Action
/0 Comentarios/en Superacion/por JORGE MONTES DE OCA«With the right key, you can say anything; with the wrong key, nothing works. Striking the right key is essential.»
—George Bernard Shaw
Communication as the Core of Human Life
Communication is the central act of human interaction. It is possible because everything—whether external or internal—can be represented and expressed. Yet, as Lewis Carroll highlighted in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland: “One of the hardest things in the world is to convey thoughts accurately from one mind to another” (Carroll, 1865/2009).
This difficulty shows that communication is far from simple. It requires not only transmitting information but also ensuring that meaning is understood.
The Communication Process
Human communication involves two main steps:
Understanding and transmitting a situation or fact.
Choosing and delivering the right signs to express it.
Every message must be encoded by the sender and decoded by the receiver. The success of this process depends on whether both parties share the same code. For example, the word soul in “I love you with all my soul” carries a different meaning than in “Man is composed of body and soul.”
This highlights a crucial truth: the receiver’s code sets the rules, not the sender’s. Anyone who seeks to influence others—whether in politics, religion, or business—must adapt to the language their audience understands.
Beyond Information: A Communion of Meaning
Communication is not merely the exchange of words—it is also a sharing of emotions, impressions, and attitudes. It is an invisible thread that can unite or divide human beings.
Even objective information often carries emotional weight. Consider a CEO announcing company performance results. The figures themselves may trigger anxiety, fear, or even shame. If communication remains purely objective, barriers arise that prevent understanding.
However, if the leader acknowledges emotions—such as recognizing an employee’s frustration over negative feedback—then both parties are more likely to grow from the experience. By validating emotions, facts become easier to accept.
The Role of Empathy in Communication
Effective communication requires more than clarity—it requires empathy. Listening without judgment and stepping into the other person’s perspective is the foundation of healthy interaction.
As Covey (1989) emphasized, “Seek first to understand, then to be understood.” Empathy transforms communication from a transactional exchange into a relationship of trust and comfort.
When trust exists, misunderstandings diminish. For instance, when a supplier delivers late, empathy allows us to interpret the delay not as disrespect, but as the result of workload pressure. In such an atmosphere, both parties share information freely, improving collaboration and strengthening human connection.
George Bernard Shaw: A Voice on Human Understanding
George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950), Irish playwright and journalist, exemplified the power of words. Self-taught after leaving school at sixteen, Shaw became a critic, writer, and eventually one of the most influential dramatists of his time. His reflections on communication and human behavior remain deeply relevant.
Some of his most inspiring words include:
“If you have built castles in the air, your work need not be lost; now put foundations under them.”
“Freedom means responsibility.”
“You see things and say, ‘Why?’ But I dream things that never were and say, ‘Why not?’”
Conclusion: Empathy as a Leadership Skill
Communication is not simply the transfer of information—it is the exchange of meaning, emotions, and trust. Leaders who practice empathy build stronger teams, foster collaboration, and overcome barriers to understanding.
Ultimately, empathy is not just a social virtue. It is an essential leadership skill, especially for project managers and business leaders who must navigate complex interactions. Empathy turns communication into connection, and connection into results.
References
Carroll, L. (2009). Alice’s adventures in Wonderland (Rev. ed.). Harvard University Press. (Original work published 1865)
Covey, S. R. (1989). The 7 habits of highly effective people. Free Press.
Shaw, G. B. (n.d.). Selected quotes.
The Key to Communication: Empathy in Action

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The Power of Now for Entrepreneurs and Startups: How the Present Drives Your Business and Your Life
/0 Comentarios/en Superacion/por JORGE MONTES DE OCAIntroduction
In the business world, especially within the fast-paced startup ecosystem, speed and pressure are the norm. Founders are constantly projecting themselves into the future: the next product launch, the next funding round, the next strategic client. At the same time, many carry the weight of the past: a failed pitch, a rushed decision, or a partnership that didn’t work out.
This constant oscillation between what has already happened and what has not yet arrived often leaves little room for the most important dimension of all: the present.
The present is where real decisions take place, where action happens, and where ideas materialize. For that reason, applying the philosophy of The Power of Now by Eckhart Tolle is not only a path toward personal well-being but also a strategic tool for entrepreneurs and startups aiming to build sustainable and innovative businesses.
This article explores how living in the now can positively impact entrepreneurship, offering practical guidance to help founders reduce mental noise, strengthen decision-making, and lead their ventures with greater clarity.
The Entrepreneurial Mind: Friend and Foe
The first obstacle to the present is the mind itself. For entrepreneurs, the mind works like a relentless machine of ideas, scenarios, and possibilities. This is useful in the creative phase, but it becomes a burden when excessive thinking leads to anxiety, distraction, and burnout.
An entrepreneur might be sitting in a team meeting but mentally worrying about next week’s investor presentation. Or while working on the business model, they relive past failures and freeze in fear of repeating them. This noise prevents them from noticing the opportunities right in front of them.
Adopting the Power of Now means realizing that you are not your mind and learning to observe your thoughts instead of being consumed by them. This separation allows something critical for business: strategic clarity.
The Duality of the Entrepreneur: The Public “Self” vs. the Real “Self”
Every founder manages two sides: the one they show to the world—confident, optimistic, visionary—and the one they live privately—tired, insecure, full of doubts. Recognizing this duality is essential because many business decisions are made to protect the external image rather than serve the company’s actual needs.
For example, clinging to a product that doesn’t work just to preserve pride is a trap of the ego. By contrast, a founder who connects with their authentic self can acknowledge mistakes, pivot when necessary, and redirect resources to what truly creates value. This internal honesty translates into authentic leadership and stronger trust from others.
The Present as an Antidote to Startup Chaos
Uncertainty is the rule in the startup ecosystem. There are no guaranteed results, which creates a constant mental storm: Will funding be enough? Will a competitor move faster? What if scaling fails?
Practicing presence means letting go of hypothetical future scenarios and focusing on what can be solved today. If you are in a client meeting, the best thing you can do is truly listen in that moment—not drift into what objections they might raise later.
This mindset reduces stress and improves productivity because energy is focused on actionable steps today rather than dissipated into endless “what ifs.”
Emotions and Business: Detaching from Fear and Anxiety
Entrepreneurs face intense emotions: excitement, frustration, fear, hope. When these emotions dominate decision-making, mistakes multiply.
For instance, fear of losing a deal can push a founder to accept unfair terms. Anxiety about being “the first” can lead to launching prematurely.
Practicing presence allows you to notice emotions without letting them control your actions. If an investor rejects your pitch, instead of drowning in frustration, you can analyze what you learned and apply it to the next opportunity.
Fear and Ego on the Entrepreneurial Journey
The most common fear in entrepreneurship is not financial failure—it is the blow to the ego: being perceived as someone who didn’t make it.
When you understand that the ego is not your true self but a mental construct, failures stop being personal attacks and become valuable lessons. The present reminds you that every mistake only happens in a specific moment and does not define your entire trajectory.
Learning from the Past Without Living in It
Entrepreneurs often say things like “I tried that, and it didn’t work” or “I failed with something similar before.” The danger is allowing the past to dictate today’s choices.
The past offers lessons and perspective, but the present is the only place where execution happens. Every iteration, test, and meeting is a fresh opportunity, not a replay of past failures.
Conscious Decision-Making and Accountability
The Power of Now emphasizes that every problem leaves you with two choices: accept it or resolve it. What is useless is resisting it mentally and turning it into drama.
If a co-founder consistently underperforms, you can either accept it (and adapt) or address it directly through clear conversations, new agreements, or even separation. Pretending the problem doesn’t exist only drains energy.
Conscious decisions do not guarantee perfect outcomes, but they provide peace of mind because they are aligned with present realities rather than imagined futures.
Relationships and Teams: Love, Pressure, and the Present
Startups are not just ventures; they are networks of relationships. Founders, co-founders, employees, investors, and clients create an emotional web. Excessive attachment or unrealistic expectations often damage those bonds.
Living in the present helps you value what exists now without pressuring others to meet future projections. A co-founder may not be “perfect” in every aspect, but they can still be appreciated for what they contribute in the moment.
This approach fosters healthier, longer-lasting relationships both inside and outside the business.
Living with Purpose in Business
Many entrepreneurs confuse purpose with goals. A goal might be to raise a funding round, but purpose is the deeper reason driving your business. Living in the present means remembering that purpose in each action, instead of getting lost chasing only results.
When you work from purpose, even small tasks become part of something meaningful. And when purpose is alive in the present, your business becomes more sustainable and attractive to both clients and collaborators.
Practical Tools to Apply the Power of Now in Your Startup
- Conscious breathing: Before any important meeting, take one minute to breathe deeply and focus on the moment.
- Pause rituals: Schedule short screen-free pauses to check in with yourself and regain clarity.
- Present meetings: Instead of obsessively planning for all future scenarios, focus on what can be resolved today.
- Short meditation: Just five minutes a day can help you detach your thoughts from your identity.
- Present journal: At the end of the day, write down three moments when you were fully present and what you learned from them.
Conclusion
For entrepreneurs and startup founders, The Power of Now is more than a philosophical concept—it is a business strategy. By living in the present, you reduce the weight of the past and the anxiety of the future, make clearer decisions, lead with authenticity, and truly enjoy the entrepreneurial journey.
Success does not come only from what you will achieve tomorrow but from what you can consciously do today. That is the real power of now in business: turning every moment into a solid step toward the vision you want to create.
References
Tolle, E. (2004). The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment. Novato, CA: New World Library.
Covey, S. R. (2020). The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. New York, NY: Free Press.
Goleman, D. (2013). Focus: The Hidden Driver of Excellence. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
Sinek, S. (2011). Start with Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone to Take Action. New York, NY: Portfolio.
Brown, B. (2018). Dare to Lead: Brave Work. Tough Conversations. Whole Hearts. New York, NY: Random House.
Ready to transform your life Discover the power of the present


Don’t Break the Chain: The Simple Path to Lasting Habits

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Business Information Systems: A Strategic Advantage for Entrepreneurs
/0 Comentarios/en Finanzas/por JORGE MONTES DE OCAIn today’s competitive environment, entrepreneurs must make fast and accurate decisions to differentiate and grow. This is where information systems become critical tools, turning raw data into valuable insights that support both daily operations and long-term strategies.
What are information systems?
An information system is a structured process that collects, processes, and distributes information to support decision-making within organizations (Gómez Vietes & Suárez Rey, 2007). In simple terms, it transforms data into actionable knowledge that allows entrepreneurs to identify risks, opportunities, and improvement areas.
Types of information systems and their value
Information systems operate at different organizational levels (Proaño, Orellana, & Martillo, 2018):
- Operational level (TPS): manage daily transactions such as sales, payments, or inventory.
- Knowledge level (KWS and Office Systems): support professionals who create and manage information, fostering productivity and innovation.
- Management level (MIS and DSS): provide reports and decision-support tools for managers, helping them analyze alternatives and scenarios.
- Strategic level (ESS): used by executives for non-routine, complex decision-making.
Additionally, specialized systems offer unique benefits for entrepreneurs:
- ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning): integrates finance, operations, logistics, and inventory into one system.
- CRM (Customer Relationship Management): strengthens customer relationships, attracting and retaining valuable clients.
- SCM (Supply Chain Management): optimizes supply chains, improving efficiency and reducing costs.
- GIS (Geographic Information Systems): analyze location-based data for strategic decision-making, such as logistics or marketing.
Applications for entrepreneurs
Information systems not only improve efficiency, they also enable growth and innovation. Their value depends on how they are embedded into the company’s culture and how strategically they are used (Stair & Reynolds, 2010).
For entrepreneurs, these systems mean:
- Better control over operations.
- Reliable information for faster decision-making.
- Greater agility to respond to market changes.
- Competitive advantages in cost efficiency, service, and differentiation.
The internet and ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) have accelerated this transformation, making information systems indispensable for businesses aiming to compete globally.
Conclusion for entrepreneurs
Running a business without information systems is like navigating without a compass: you may move forward, but with a high risk of losing direction. Accurate and timely information is the most valuable resource for making strategic decisions, identifying opportunities, and adapting to market changes.
If you are starting your business, begin with simple solutions—like a CRM or inventory management software—and expand to more comprehensive systems as your business grows. Remember: competitive advantage does not come from having data alone, but from interpreting and using it to create value.
Entrepreneurs who integrate information systems into their strategy not only manage their businesses more effectively but also build a strong foundation to scale, innovate, and sustain long-term success.
References
Gómez Vietes, A., & Suárez Rey, C. (2007). Los sistemas y tecnologías de la información en la empresa. México D.F.: Alfaomega.
Lapiedra, R. A., Devece, C. C., & Guiral, J. H. (2011). Introducción a la gestión de sistemas de información de la empresa. España: Universitat Jaume.
Proaño, M., Orellana, S., & Martillo, I. (2018). Los sistemas de información y su importancia en la transformación digital de la empresa actual. Revista Espacios, 39(1).
Stair, R. M., & Reynolds, G. W. (2010). Principios de sistemas de información: un enfoque administrativo. México D.F.: Cengage Learning Editores S.A. de C.V.
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10 Steps to Build a Successful Project (Including Starting Your Own Business)
Differences between Plan, Program, Project, Activity, and Task
/0 Comentarios/en Finanzas/por JORGE MONTES DE OCAWhat do we mean by “Project”?
A project refers to a set of specific, interrelated, and coordinated activities, carried out with the purpose of producing certain goods or services that meet people’s needs or solve problems. For example, a course for senior citizens or an educational initiative.
When the planned action is complex, it may require a program that includes several projects. On the other hand, a simple task may be developed through a single project.
What does it mean to design and develop a project?
There is no rigid standard, but rather a set of guidelines to help organize ideas, define objectives, establish courses of action, identify specific activities, and set evaluation criteria. The general principles to consider include:
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Defining what is to be achieved.
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Effectively implementing decisions using both human and non-human resources (e.g., materials, technology, etc.).
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Following a course of action that leads to specific results or deliverables.
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Establishing criteria that allow for systematic evaluation of the outcomes.
Differences between: Plan, Program, Project, Activity, and Task
Let’s break down each concept to understand how they differ yet relate to each other:
Plan
Example: Training and Development Plan
A plan involves high-level decisions that express key political or strategic guidelines, priorities derived from those decisions, and the allocation of resources aligned with such priorities. It outlines the action strategies and tools to achieve the proposed goals. A plan defines the desirable and probable course of national or sectoral development (economic, social, or cultural).
Plans generally include multiple programs and projects, and act as the overarching technical and political framework within which programs and projects are developed.
Program
Example: Supervision Program
A program refers to an organized, coherent, and integrated set of activities, services, or processes, usually expressed through multiple interrelated or coordinated projects. Programs translate plans into action by implementing targeted efforts to meet objectives within a specific timeframe.
A program consists of one or more projects of similar nature, grouped under a broader plan.
Project
Example: Park Reforestation Project
A project is the intent or plan to execute a specific work or initiative. It involves forecasting, organizing, and planning a series of activities that combine human, material, financial, and technical resources to achieve a specific goal or result.
These activities are interconnected and coordinated. Every project is designed to produce a defined output or result, within the constraints of time and budget.
Key Features of a Project:
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Has a defined duration (unlike ongoing services).
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Combines human, technical, financial, and material resources.
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Aims to achieve a specific result based on well-defined objectives.
Activity
Example: Conducting a Requirements Survey for Plant Operations
An activity is a means of intervention, consisting of sequential and integrated actions that help achieve the specific goals and objectives of a project. It is the functional unit that connects a project’s strategy to its execution.
Task
Example: Preparing Necessary Equipment
A task is the most concrete and specific element. It operationalizes an activity into actionable steps. A set of tasks makes up an activity.
Summary with Examples
| Concept | Example |
|---|---|
| Plan | Social Services Plan |
| Program | Childhood and Family Program |
| Project | Organizing a Summer Camp |
| Activity | Planning a Field Trip |
| Task | Packing clothes and shoes |
Final Thoughts
Plans, programs, and projects are strategic and administrative tools commonly used by institutions, particularly those involved in research, education, and development. They serve as essential conditions for achieving scientific or social objectives, often from the perspective of institutional planning and execution.
References
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Chiavenato, I. (2006). Administración de proyectos. McGraw-Hill Interamericana.
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Kerzner, H. (2017). Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling (12th ed.). Wiley.
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PMBOK® Guide. (2021). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (7th ed.). Project Management Institute.
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Zapico, E. (2001). Diseño y Evaluación de Proyectos Sociales. Editorial Trillas.
Differences between Plan, Program, Project, Activity, and Task
International Youth Day: Youth, Entrepreneurship, and a Future Built from Innovation
/0 Comentarios/en infisegroup/por JORGE MONTES DE OCAEvery year, on August 12th, the world celebrates International Youth Day, established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1999 through Resolution 54/120 I (United Nations, 1999). This is not merely a symbolic date. It is a critical opportunity to highlight the challenges young people face — and more importantly — to showcase the immense potential they hold as drivers of innovation, entrepreneurship, and sustainable development.
U.S. Youth: A Demographic with Untapped Power
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there are more than 42 million young people aged 10 to 24 in the United States (U.S. Census Bureau, 2023), representing nearly 13% of the total population. This demographic is not only the most diverse in American history but also the most digitally native, globally connected, and socially conscious.
Yet, this generation faces mounting challenges. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for youth (16–24 years old) was 7.8% in July 2023, more than double the national average of 3.5% for all workers (BLS, 2023). Many young people are underemployed, juggling part-time jobs that do not match their skills, education, or aspirations.
Why Entrepreneurship Must Be a Youth Strategy
In this environment, entrepreneurship emerges as both a response and a solution. But let’s be clear: youth should not be forced into self-employment due to economic desperation. Instead, they should be empowered to create meaningful ventures through access to education, mentorship, capital, and policy support.
Young entrepreneurs across the U.S. are building innovative startups, launching social enterprises, and redefining the future of work. However, the path remains uneven. A report by the Kauffman Foundation highlights that only 7.4% of entrepreneurs in the U.S. are under 30 (Fairlie, 2022), despite their high potential and creative drive. The barriers? Lack of funding, business knowledge, networks, and institutional support.
Education, Equity, and Entrepreneurial Skills
In the United States, access to higher education remains a double-edged sword: while more than 60% of recent high school graduates enroll in college (NCES, 2023), student debt surpasses $1.7 trillion nationally. The traditional academic model often fails to prepare students with practical, entrepreneurial, and digital skills needed in today’s economy.
Entrepreneurial education — from high school classrooms to university incubators — is essential. But it must be equitable and inclusive, especially for youth from underserved communities. Closing the racial and economic gaps in access to entrepreneurship programs is key to building a stronger, more diverse economic future.
Mental Health: A Barrier and a Priority
As former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon stated in 2014:
«We must begin to talk about mental health in the same way we talk about our overall health.» (United Nations, 2014).
Today, this message rings truer than ever. A 2023 survey from the CDC reveals that 42% of high school students report persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness (CDC, 2023). Mental health is not just a youth issue — it’s an economic and entrepreneurial issue. Building a venture, navigating uncertainty, or advocating for change requires emotional resilience.
For youth entrepreneurs, mental wellness must be supported alongside financial literacy and business development. Community, mentorship, and institutional care play crucial roles in shaping confident, emotionally stable leaders.
Youth Are Not the Future — They Are the Present
As Irina Bokova, former Director-General of UNESCO, once said:
«Youth should be seen as drivers of change, not just beneficiaries or targets.» (UNESCO, 2015).
This shift in perspective is essential. Young people are not waiting for permission — they are already creating businesses, movements, technologies, and cultures that shape our lives.
Supporting youth entrepreneurship is not charity — it’s smart economics. It fosters innovation, reduces inequality, revitalizes communities, and builds resilience in the face of future crises.
Conclusion: Building a Secure and Innovative Future
On International Youth Day, let’s move beyond celebration toward collective action. The United States has the resources, institutions, and talent to become a global leader in youth-led innovation and entrepreneurship. But to do so, we must eliminate systemic barriers, provide access to capital, and integrate entrepreneurship into our educational systems.
Let’s not just imagine a better future for youth — let’s build it with them, and through them. Because when young people lead, the entire world moves forward.
References (APA Style)
Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023). Employment and Unemployment Among Youth – July 2023. U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/youth.nr0.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023). Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data Summary & Trends Report: 2011–2021. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/index.htm
Fairlie, R. (2022). The State of Entrepreneurship in the United States. Kauffman Foundation. https://www.kauffman.org/
National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). (2023). Digest of Education Statistics. https://nces.ed.gov/
U.S. Census Bureau. (2023). QuickFacts: United States. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/US
United Nations (UN). (1999). Resolution 54/120 I: Policies and programmes involving youth. https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/54/120
United Nations. (2014). Secretary-General’s Message on International Youth Day 2014. https://www.un.org/en/observances/youth-day
UNESCO. (2015). Irina Bokova’s Speech on International Youth Day. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/message-unesco-director-general-youth-day
International Youth Day

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